60 https://www.uni-bremen.de/en/research/academic-integrity-and-research-ethics/good-research-practice/5-basic-principles ???[Translate to English:] 6 Bausteine der guten wissenschaftlichen Praxis an der Universität Bremen en University of Bremen Sat, 11 Apr 2026 06:59:41 +0200 Sat, 11 Apr 2026 06:59:41 +0200 University of Bremen content-507102 Mon, 04 Mar 2024 12:09:55 +0100 https://www.uni-bremen.de/en/research/academic-integrity-and-research-ethics/good-research-practice/5-basic-principles#c507102 <p>"Researchers back up research data and results made publicly available, as well as the central materials on which they are based and the research software used, by adequate means according to the standards of the relevant subject area, and retain them for an appropriate period of time. Where justifiable reasons exist for not archiving particular data, researchers explain these reasons. HEIs and non-HEI research institutions ensure that the infrastructure necessary to enable archiving is in place."</p> <p><a class="externalLink" href="https://wissenschaftliche-integritaet.de/en/code-of-conduct/archiving/" target="_blank" title="Opens external link in new window">Source: Guideline 17, Code of Conduct "Guidelines for Safeguarding Good Research Practice"</a></p> Content content-507076 Mon, 04 Mar 2024 12:08:21 +0100 https://www.uni-bremen.de/en/research/academic-integrity-and-research-ethics/good-research-practice/5-basic-principles#c507076 <p>"As a rule, researchers make all results available as part of scientific/academic discourse. In specific cases, however, there may be reasons not to make results publicly available (in the narrower sense of publication, but also in a broader sense through other communication channels); this decision must not depend on third parties. Researchers decide autonomously – with due regard for the conventions of the relevant subject area – whether, how and where to disseminate their results. If it has been decided to make results available in the public domain, researchers describe them clearly and in full. Where possible and reasonable, this includes making the research data, materials and information on which the results are based, as well as the methods and software used, available and fully explaining the work processes. Software programmed by researchers themselves is made publicly available along with the source code. Researchers provide full and correct information about their own preliminary work and that of others."</p> <p><a class="externalLink" href="https://wissenschaftliche-integritaet.de/en/code-of-conduct/providing-public-access-to-research-results/" target="_blank" title="Opens external link in new window">Source: Guideline 13, Code of Conduct "Guidelines for Safeguarding Good Research Practice"</a></p> Content content-534479 Fri, 06 Mar 2026 10:05:46 +0100 https://www.uni-bremen.de/en/research/academic-integrity-and-research-ethics/good-research-practice/5-basic-principles#c534479 Content content-507040 Fri, 06 Mar 2026 10:05:46 +0100 https://www.uni-bremen.de/en/research/academic-integrity-and-research-ethics/good-research-practice/5-basic-principles#c507040 Content content-507039 Fri, 06 Mar 2026 10:05:46 +0100 https://www.uni-bremen.de/en/research/academic-integrity-and-research-ethics/good-research-practice/5-basic-principles#c507039 Content content-574750 Fri, 06 Mar 2026 10:05:46 +0100 https://www.uni-bremen.de/en/research/academic-integrity-and-research-ethics/good-research-practice/5-basic-principles#c574750 <p>"The heads of HEIs and non-HEI research institutions create the basic framework for research. They are responsible for ensuring adherence to and the promotion of good practice, and for appropriate career support for all researchers. The heads of research institutions guarantee the necessary conditions to enable researchers to comply with legal and ethical standards. The basic framework includes clear written policies and procedures for staff selection and development as well as for early career support and equal opportunity."</p> <p><a class="externalLink" href="https://wissenschaftliche-integritaet.de/en/code-of-conduct/organisational-responsibility-of-heads-of-research-institutions/" target="_blank" title="Opens external link in new window">Source: Guideline 3, </a><a href="https://wissenschaftliche-integritaet.de/en/code-of-conduct/cross-phase-quality-assurance/" target="_blank" title="Opens external link in new window">Code of Conduct "Guidelines for Safeguarding Good Research Practice"</a></p> Content content-574751 Fri, 06 Mar 2026 10:05:46 +0100 https://www.uni-bremen.de/en/research/academic-integrity-and-research-ethics/good-research-practice/5-basic-principles#c574751 <p>"The head of a research work unit is responsible for the entire unit. Collaboration within the unit is designed such that the group as a whole can perform its tasks, the necessary cooperation and coordination can be achieved, and all members understand their roles, rights, and duties. The leadership role includes ensuring adequate individual supervision of early career researchers, integrated in the overall institutional policy, as well as career development for researchers and research support staff. Suitable organisational measures are in place at the level of the individual unit and of the leadership of the institution to prevent the abuse of power and exploitation of dependent relationships."</p> <p><a class="externalLink" href="https://wissenschaftliche-integritaet.de/en/code-of-conduct/responsibility-of-the-heads-of-research-work-units/" target="_blank" title="Opens external link in new window">Source: Guideline 4, </a><a href="https://wissenschaftliche-integritaet.de/en/code-of-conduct/cross-phase-quality-assurance/" target="_blank" title="Opens external link in new window">Code of Conduct "Guidelines for Safeguarding Good Research Practice"</a></p> Content content-574752 Fri, 06 Mar 2026 10:05:46 +0100 https://www.uni-bremen.de/en/research/academic-integrity-and-research-ethics/good-research-practice/5-basic-principles#c574752 <p>"To assess the performance of researchers, a multidimensional approach is called for; in addition to academic and scientific achievements, other aspects may be taken into consideration. Performance is assessed primarily on the basis of qualitative measures, while quantitative indicators may be incorporated into the overall assessment only with appropriate differentiation and reflection. Where provided voluntarily, individual circumstances stated in curricula vitae – as well as the categories specified in the German General Equal Treatment Act <em>(Allgemeines Gleichbehandlungsgesetz) </em>– are taken into account when forming a judgement."</p> <p><a class="mail" href="mailto:https://wissenschaftliche-integritaet.de/en/code-of-conduct/dimensions-of-performance-and-assessment-criteria/" title="Opens a window for sending an e-mail">Source: Guideline 5, </a><a href="https://wissenschaftliche-integritaet.de/en/code-of-conduct/cross-phase-quality-assurance/" target="_blank" title="Opens external link in new window">Code of Conduct "Guidelines for Safeguarding Good Research Practice"</a></p> Content content-534483 Fri, 06 Mar 2026 10:05:46 +0100 https://www.uni-bremen.de/en/research/academic-integrity-and-research-ethics/good-research-practice/5-basic-principles#c534483 Content content-507067 Fri, 06 Mar 2026 10:05:46 +0100 https://www.uni-bremen.de/en/research/academic-integrity-and-research-ethics/good-research-practice/5-basic-principles#c507067 Content content-507069 Fri, 06 Mar 2026 10:05:46 +0100 https://www.uni-bremen.de/en/research/academic-integrity-and-research-ethics/good-research-practice/5-basic-principles#c507069 <p>eLearning Course "Good Academic Practice during Doctoral Studies"</p> Content content-507047 Fri, 06 Mar 2026 10:05:46 +0100 https://www.uni-bremen.de/en/research/academic-integrity-and-research-ethics/good-research-practice/5-basic-principles#c507047 <p>"Researchers carry out each step of the research process <em>lege artis</em>. When research findings are made publicly available (in the narrower sense of publication, but also in a broader sense through other communication channels), the quality assurance mechanisms used are always explained. This applies especially when new methods are developed."</p> <p><a class="externalLink" href="https://wissenschaftliche-integritaet.de/en/code-of-conduct/cross-phase-quality-assurance/" target="_blank" title="Opens external link in new window">Source: Guideline 7, Code of Conduct "Guidelines for Safeguarding Good Research Practice"</a></p> Content content-507050 Fri, 06 Mar 2026 10:05:46 +0100 https://www.uni-bremen.de/en/research/academic-integrity-and-research-ethics/good-research-practice/5-basic-principles#c507050 <p>"The roles and responsibilities of the researchers and research support staff participating in a research project must be clear at each stage of the project."</p> <p><a class="externalLink" href="https://wissenschaftliche-integritaet.de/en/code-of-conduct/stakeholders-responsibilities-and-roles/" target="_blank" title="Opens external link in new window">Source: Guideline 8, Code of Conduct "Guidelines for Safeguarding Good Research Practice"</a></p> Content content-507053 Fri, 06 Mar 2026 10:05:46 +0100 https://www.uni-bremen.de/en/research/academic-integrity-and-research-ethics/good-research-practice/5-basic-principles#c507053 <p>"Researchers take into account and acknowledge the current state of research when planning a project. To identify relevant and suitable research questions, they familiarise themselves with existing research in the public domain. HEIs and non-HEI research institutions ensure that the necessary basic framework for this is in place."</p> <p><a class="externalLink" href="https://wissenschaftliche-integritaet.de/en/code-of-conduct/research-design/" target="_blank" title="Opens external link in new window">Source: Guideline 9, Code of Conduct "Guidelines for Safeguarding Good Research Practice"</a></p> Content content-507056 Fri, 06 Mar 2026 10:05:46 +0100 https://www.uni-bremen.de/en/research/academic-integrity-and-research-ethics/good-research-practice/5-basic-principles#c507056 <p>"Researchers adopt a responsible approach to the constitutionally guaranteed freedom of research. They comply with rights and obligations, particularly those arising from legal requirements and contracts with third parties, and where necessary seek approvals and ethics statements and present these when required. With regard to research projects, the potential consequences of the research should be evaluated in detail and the ethical aspects should be assessed. The legal framework of a research project includes documented agreements on usage rights relating to data and results generated by the project."</p> <p><em><a class="externalLink" href="https://wissenschaftliche-integritaet.de/en/code-of-conduct/legal-and-ethical-frameworks-usage-rights/" target="_blank" title="Opens external link in new window">Source: Guideline 10, Code of Conduct "Guidelines for Safeguarding Good Research Practice"</a></em></p> Content content-507059 Fri, 06 Mar 2026 10:05:46 +0100 https://www.uni-bremen.de/en/research/academic-integrity-and-research-ethics/good-research-practice/5-basic-principles#c507059 <p>"To answer research questions, researchers use scientifically sound and appropriate methods. When developing and applying new methods, they attach particular importance to quality assurance and the establishment of standards."</p> <p><a class="externalLink" href="https://wissenschaftliche-integritaet.de/en/code-of-conduct/methods-and-standards/" target="_blank" title="Opens external link in new window">Source: Guideline 11, Code of Conduct "Guidelines for Safeguarding Good Research Practice"</a></p> Content content-507062 Fri, 06 Mar 2026 10:05:46 +0100 https://www.uni-bremen.de/en/research/academic-integrity-and-research-ethics/good-research-practice/5-basic-principles#c507062 <p>"Researchers document all information relevant to the production of a research result as clearly as is required by and is appropriate for the relevant subject area to allow the result to be reviewed and assessed. In general, this also includes documenting individual results that do not support the research hypothesis. The selection of results must be avoided. Where subject-specific recommendations exist for review and assessment, researchers create documentation in accordance with these guidelines. If the documentation does not satisfy these requirements, the constraints and the reasons for them are clearly explained. Documentation and research results must not be manipulated; they are protected as effectively as possible against manipulation."</p> <p><a class="externalLink" href="https://wissenschaftliche-integritaet.de/en/code-of-conduct/documentation/" target="_blank" title="Opens external link in new window">Source: Guideline 12, Code of Conduct "Guidelines for Safeguarding Good Research Practice"</a></p> Content content-507065 Fri, 06 Mar 2026 10:05:46 +0100 https://www.uni-bremen.de/en/research/academic-integrity-and-research-ethics/good-research-practice/5-basic-principles#c507065 <p>"Fair behaviour is the basis for the legitimacy of any judgement-forming process. Researchers who evaluate submitted manuscripts, funding proposals or personal qualifications are obliged to maintain strict confidentiality with regard to this process. They disclose all facts that could give rise to the appearance of a conflict of interest. The duty of confidentiality and disclosure of facts that could give rise to the appearance of a conflict of interest also applies to members of research advisory and decision-making bodies."</p> <p><a class="externalLink" href="https://wissenschaftliche-integritaet.de/kodex/vertraulichkeit-und-neutralitat-bei-begutachtungen-und-beratungen/" target="_blank" title="Öffnet externen Link in neuem Fenster">Source: Guideline 16, Code of Conduct "Guidelines for Safeguarding Good Research Practice"</a></p> Content content-534491 Fri, 06 Mar 2026 10:05:46 +0100 https://www.uni-bremen.de/en/research/academic-integrity-and-research-ethics/good-research-practice/5-basic-principles#c534491 Content content-507086 Fri, 06 Mar 2026 10:05:46 +0100 https://www.uni-bremen.de/en/research/academic-integrity-and-research-ethics/good-research-practice/5-basic-principles#c507086 Content content-507084 Fri, 06 Mar 2026 10:05:46 +0100 https://www.uni-bremen.de/en/research/academic-integrity-and-research-ethics/good-research-practice/5-basic-principles#c507084 Content content-507085 Fri, 06 Mar 2026 10:05:46 +0100 https://www.uni-bremen.de/en/research/academic-integrity-and-research-ethics/good-research-practice/5-basic-principles#c507085 Content content-574734 Fri, 06 Mar 2026 10:05:46 +0100 https://www.uni-bremen.de/en/research/academic-integrity-and-research-ethics/good-research-practice/5-basic-principles#c574734 <p>"As a rule, researchers make all results available as part of scientific/academic discourse. In specific cases, however, there may be reasons not to make results publicly available (in the narrower sense of publication, but also in a broader sense through other communication channels); this decision must not depend on third parties. Researchers decide autonomously – with due regard for the conventions of the relevant subject area – whether, how and where to disseminate their results. If it has been decided to make results available in the public domain, researchers describe them clearly and in full. Where possible and reasonable, this includes making the research data, materials and information on which the results are based, as well as the methods and software used, available and fully explaining the work processes. Software programmed by researchers themselves is made publicly available along with the source code. Researchers provide full and correct information about their own preliminary work and that of others."</p> <p><a href="https://wissenschaftliche-integritaet.de/en/code-of-conduct/providing-public-access-to-research-results/" target="_blank" title="Opens external link in new window">Source: Guideline 13, Code of Conduct "Guidelines for Safeguarding Good Research Practice"</a></p> Content content-507079 Fri, 06 Mar 2026 10:05:46 +0100 https://www.uni-bremen.de/en/research/academic-integrity-and-research-ethics/good-research-practice/5-basic-principles#c507079 <p>"An author is an individual who has made a genuine, identifiable contribution to the content of a research publication of text, data or software. All authors agree on the final version of the work to be published. Unless explicitly stated otherwise, they share responsibility for the publication. Authors seek to ensure that, as far as possible, their contributions are identified by publishers or infrastructure providers such that they can be correctly cited by users."</p> <p><a class="externalLink" href="https://wissenschaftliche-integritaet.de/en/code-of-conduct/authorship/" target="_blank" title="Opens external link in new window">Source: Guideline 14, Code of Conduct "Guidelines for Safeguarding Good Research Practice"</a></p> Content content-507082 Fri, 06 Mar 2026 10:05:46 +0100 https://www.uni-bremen.de/en/research/academic-integrity-and-research-ethics/good-research-practice/5-basic-principles#c507082 <p>"Authors select the publication medium carefully, with due regard for its quality and visibility in the relevant field of discourse. Researchers who assume the role of editor carefully select where they will carry out this activity. The scientific/academic quality of a contribution does not depend on the medium in which it is published."</p> <p><a class="externalLink" href="https://wissenschaftliche-integritaet.de/en/code-of-conduct/publication-medium/" target="_blank" title="Opens external link in new window">Source: Guideline 15, Code of Conduct "Guidelines for Safeguarding Good Research Practice"</a></p> Content content-534516 Fri, 06 Mar 2026 10:05:46 +0100 https://www.uni-bremen.de/en/research/academic-integrity-and-research-ethics/good-research-practice/5-basic-principles#c534516 Content content-574710 Fri, 06 Mar 2026 10:05:46 +0100 https://www.uni-bremen.de/en/research/academic-integrity-and-research-ethics/good-research-practice/5-basic-principles#c574710 <p>"Higher education institutions and non-HEI research institutions, with the participation of their members, work together to define rules of good research practice, ensure that their employees are made aware of these guidelines and related policies and regulations, and require their employees to comply with them with due regard for the type of research undertaken in the relevant subject area. Individual researchers are responsible for ensuring that their own conduct complies with the standards of good research practice."</p> <p><a class="externalLink" href="https://wissenschaftliche-integritaet.de/en/code-of-conduct/commitment-to-the-general-principles/" target="_blank" title="Opens external link in new window">Source: Guideline 1, Code of Conduct "Guidelines for Safeguarding Good Research Practice"</a></p> Content content-574711 Fri, 06 Mar 2026 10:05:46 +0100 https://www.uni-bremen.de/en/research/academic-integrity-and-research-ethics/good-research-practice/5-basic-principles#c574711 <p>"Researchers are responsible for putting the fundamental values and norms of research into practice and advocating for them. Education in the principles of good research begins at the earliest possible stage in academic teaching and research training. Researchers at all career levels regularly update their knowledge about the standards of good research practice and the current state of the art."</p> <p><a class="externalLink" href="https://wissenschaftliche-integritaet.de/en/code-of-conduct/professional-ethics/" target="_blank" title="Opens external link in new window">Source: Guideline 2, Code of Conduct "Guidelines for Safeguarding Good Research Practice"</a></p> Content content-574712 Fri, 06 Mar 2026 10:05:46 +0100 https://www.uni-bremen.de/en/research/academic-integrity-and-research-ethics/good-research-practice/5-basic-principles#c574712 <p>"Researchers adopt a responsible approach to the constitutionally guaranteed freedom of research. They comply with rights and obligations, particularly those arising from legal requirements and contracts with third parties, and where necessary seek approvals and ethics statements and present these when required. With regard to research projects, the potential consequences of the research should be evaluated in detail and the ethical aspects should be assessed. The legal framework of a research project includes documented agreements on usage rights relating to data and results generated by the project."</p> <p><a class="externalLink" href="https://wissenschaftliche-integritaet.de/en/code-of-conduct/legal-and-ethical-frameworks-usage-rights/" target="_blank" title="Opens external link in new window">Source: Guideline 10, Code of Conduct "Guidelines for Safeguarding Good Research Practice"</a></p> Content content-534529 Fri, 06 Mar 2026 10:05:46 +0100 https://www.uni-bremen.de/en/research/academic-integrity-and-research-ethics/good-research-practice/5-basic-principles#c534529 Content content-574714 Fri, 06 Mar 2026 10:05:46 +0100 https://www.uni-bremen.de/en/research/academic-integrity-and-research-ethics/good-research-practice/5-basic-principles#c574714 <p>"Researchers back up research data and results made publicly available, as well as the central materials on which they are based and the research software used, by adequate means according to the standards of the relevant subject area, and retain them for an appropriate period of time. Where justifiable reasons exist for not archiving particular data, researchers explain these reasons. HEIs and non-HEI research institutions ensure that the infrastructure necessary to enable archiving is in place."</p> <p><a href="https://wissenschaftliche-integritaet.de/en/code-of-conduct/archiving/" target="_blank" title="Opens external link in new window">Source: Guideline 17, Code of Conduct "Guidelines for Safeguarding Good Research Practice"</a></p> Content