Complex Adaptive Systems
systems. Strikingly, event magnitudes that are orders of magnitudes larger than the typically observed ones may occur much more frequently than to be expected from Gaussian distributed events. Hence, catastrophic [...] emergence of extreme events in adaptive control systems. Human motor control Balancing a stick is one of the most studied control problems for engineers. When humans perform a similar task, their behaviour [...] indicate, that very simple mutation rules are sufficient for ecological networks to emerge out of only one initial species.During many thousands of years, ecosystems have evolved through darwinian evolution