Black Smokers in Miniature
researcher will use the money to fund laboratory experiments and investigate the processes triggered by heated seawater when it circulates in the ocean crust. Among other things, these processes determine the [...] 2% of all the water in the ocean. Magma released by undersea volcanoes along the mid-ocean ridge heats up the water circulating through the clefts in the ocean floor. This then results in a chemical cocktail [...] 400°C then leaches materials like iron, manganese, and other metals from the ocean crust. Because the heated water, heavily laden with dissolved metals, is now of a lighter specific weight, it searches for